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84 lessons · 2nd Grade
Living things need food, water, air, and space to survive. Without these, they cannot live.
All animals go through a life cycle: they are born, they grow, they have babies, and they eventually die. Different animals have different life cycles.
Animals live in habitats that give them what they need: food, water, shelter, and space. A fish lives in water, a bird lives in trees.
Insects have six legs, three body parts, and often have wings. Butterflies, ants, and beetles are all insects!
Plants make their own food using sunlight. This is called photosynthesis. Animals cannot make their own food.
An ecosystem is all the living and non-living things in an area working together.
Animals grow and change over time. A tadpole grows legs and becomes a frog!
Seeds travel in different ways: wind blows dandelion seeds, birds carry berries, and burrs stick to animal fur!
Seasons affect animals and plants. In winter, some animals hibernate, some migrate to warmer places, and some stay and find food in the cold.
Some animals eat only plants (herbivores), some eat only meat (carnivores), and some eat both (omnivores). What do you like to eat?
Trees provide homes for many animals: birds nest in branches, squirrels live in trunks, and insects live under bark.
A habitat is an animal's home. Deserts, forests, oceans, and ponds are all habitats.
Plants need sunlight, water, air, and soil to grow. Each part of the plant has a job: roots drink water, stems hold the plant up, and leaves catch sunlight.
A food chain shows who eats what. Grass is eaten by rabbits, and rabbits are eaten by foxes.
Plants produce oxygen that animals need to breathe. Animals produce carbon dioxide that plants need to grow!
Baby animals need their parents to survive. Birds feed their chicks, and cats carry their kittens.
Camouflage helps animals hide from predators. A green frog hides in green leaves!
Animals use their body parts to survive: sharp claws catch food, thick fur keeps them warm, and long legs help them run fast.
Flowers attract bees with their bright colors and sweet smell. Bees help flowers make seeds!
Amphibians like frogs live in water when young and on land when grown up.
Mammals have fur and feed milk to their babies. Dogs, cats, and humans are mammals!
Reptiles have scales and are cold-blooded. Snakes, lizards, and turtles are reptiles.
Earthworms help soil by digging tunnels that let air and water reach plant roots.
Roots hold the plant in the ground and soak up water and nutrients from the soil.
Some animals carry their babies in pouches. Kangaroos and koalas are marsupials!
Some animals come out at night (nocturnal) and some are active during the day (diurnal).
Decomposers like mushrooms and bacteria break down dead plants and animals, returning nutrients to the soil.
Migration is when animals travel long distances to find food or warmer weather. Birds often migrate south in winter.
A butterfly goes through four stages: egg, caterpillar, chrysalis, and adult butterfly.
Different animals have different coverings: fur, feathers, scales, or smooth skin.
