Medieval Europe: Feudalism and Castles

Medieval Europe was characterized by the feudal system, a social and economic structure that dominated the landscape from the 9th to the 15th centuries. Under feudalism, society was organized in a hierarchy where kings granted land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service. Serfs, who worked the land, were bound to their lords. This system was not only political but also influenced religious life, as the Church played a central role in governance and community life. The construction of grand cathedrals and the influence of monasticism shaped the spiritual landscape of the time.