Structure and Function

Animals have different adaptations that help them survive. Camouflage helps animals blend in, sharp claws help predators catch prey, and thick fur keeps animals warm.

Many animals migrate to find food, warmer weather, or safe places to have their young. Birds, whales, and monarch butterflies are famous for their long migration journeys.

Ecosystems include all the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other. A pond ecosystem includes fish, frogs, algae, water, rocks, and sunlight.

Vertebrates have backbones and include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Invertebrates lack backbones and include insects, spiders, worms, and jellyfish.

The life cycle of a frog includes egg, tadpole, tadpole with legs, froglet, and adult frog. This process of metamorphosis takes several weeks to months depending on the species.

Plants need sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, and nutrients from soil to grow. Their roots absorb water and minerals while their leaves capture sunlight for photosynthesis.

Animals can be classified as herbivores (plant eaters), carnivores (meat eaters), or omnivores (eating both plants and animals). Their teeth and digestive systems are adapted to their diet.